Study Questions - Energy, Cellular Respiration
1. What is energy? What units do we use to measure it? Why do cells need it?
2. What is luciferase and what does it do?
3. What enables a compound to contain energy?
4. Explain the difference between endergonic and exergonic reactions.
5. Which of these reactions are endergonic: synthesis of a polypeptide, replication of DNA, glycolysis of glucose, transformation of ATP to ADP?
6. What organic molecules are used for energy currency in a cell?
7. How does ATP store and release energy within a cell?
8. How does an enzyme enable a reaction to occur? Why doesnŐt the reaction occur on its own?
9. What accounts for the specificity of enzymes for certain substrates and limits them to certain reactions?
10. What is a coenzyme? Give an example.
11.What is allosteric regulation of enzymes? What is its purpose?
12. Why do our bodies require certain minerals in very low amounts in our diets?
13. Describe
two general roles of membranes in chemical reactions in cells.
14. What is cellular respiration? How is it related to breathing?
15. What are the substrates of cellular respiration and what are the products?
16. What is a redox reaction? Which part is endergonic? Which is exergonic?
17. What happens to the energy released from respiration that is not captured by ATP?
18. Name 3 steps of cellular respiration and describe the main activity in each one. Where does each occur within the cell?
19. In which step of cellular respiration is most of the ATP made? Where does this occur?
20. What would happen to cellular respiration in a cell if the inner mitochondrial membrane were porous to hydrogen ions (H+)?
21. What role do NAD+ and NADH perform in respiration?
22. How are foods other than glucose, such as fats and proteins, metabolized?
23. Explain how synthesis of molecules is related to cellular respiration.
24. What is fermentation? Name 2 compounds that can be produced by fermentation.
25. Why can fermentation occur in large sealed containers (no air exchange)?