-
personality
o
distinct,
enduring patterns
-
personality
disorders (PD)
o
long-lasting,
maladaptive
o
extension of
“normal”
o
adolescence,
early adulthood
o
problems with:
§
cognition
§
affectivity
§
interpersonal
relationships
§
impulse control
o
diagnosis
§
life history
§
difficult
o
ego-syntonic
o
axis II disorder
Cluster
B
-
unpredictable,
emotional
-
antisocial
personality disorder (APD)
o
lack of regard
o
Ted Bundy
o
characteristics
§
Cleckley
·
aggressive
·
irresponsible
·
indifferent to
others
§
Hare
·
Psychopathy
Checklist
o
core personality
traits
o
antisocial
lifestyle
o
vs. adult
antisocial behavior
o
criminal
§
40-75% meet APD
criteria
o
prevalence
§
4.5% vs. .8%
o
prognosis
§
maturation
hypothesis
o
theories
§
biological
·
frontal lobes
·
genetics
§
psychological
·
lack emotion
·
response
modulation hypothesis
§
sociocultural
·
parental
disharmony
·
child abuse
o
treatment
§
confrontational
approach
-
borderline
personality disorder (BPD)
o
characteristics
§
unstable
relationships
·
“splitting”
·
anger, hostility,
distress
§
abandonment
issues
§
identity problems
§
cutting
·
parasuicide
o
75% female
o
theories
§
biological
·
hypersensitive
nervous system
·
abnormal
serotonin receptors
§
psychological
·
early trauma
o
93%
·
inconsistent
parenting
·
way of thinking
o
treatment
§
develop healthy
solutions
§
medication
-
histrionic
personality disorder
o
characteristics
§
attention seeking
behavior
§
excessive
emotionality
§
seductive
§
speech style
o
theories
§
faulty beliefs
o
treatments
§
problem solving
skills
-
narcissistic
personality disorder
o
characteristics
§
grandiose
thinking
§
devalue others
·
problems with
empathy
§
overestimate self
§
sensitive to
criticism
o
50-75% male
o
theories
§
parental
relationship
§
faulty beliefs
o
treatment
§
work with others
Cluster A
-
odd, eccentric
-
paranoid
personality disorder
o
characteristics
§
suspicious,
distrustful
§
problematic
relationships
§
males
o
theories
§
projection
§
mistaken assumptions
o
treatment
§
counter
assumptions
§
interpersonal
skills
-
schizoid
personality disorder
o
characteristics
§
no relationships
§
limited emotion
o
theories
§
nutritional
deficiencies
o
treatment
§
difficult,
limited
-
schizotypal
personality disorder
o
characteristics
§
odd, peculiar
§
communication
§
distrustful
§
self-reference
§
latent
schizophrenia?
Cluster C
- anxious, fearful
-
avoidant
personality disorder
o
characteristics
§
intimidated,
fearful
§
vs. schizoid
o
theories
§
fear attachment
§
flawed beliefs
o
treatment
§
social skills
§
work on beliefs
-
dependent
personality disorder
o
characteristics
§
clingy, needy
§
need to please
o
theories
§
insecure
attachments
§
unassertive
o
treatment
§
independence
-
obsessive-compulsive
personality disorder
o
characteristics
§
neatness, order
§
perfectionist
·
vs. doing a good
job
o
theories
§
unrealistic
expectations
§
faulty beliefs
o
treatment
§
thought-stopping