Cell Growth & Recognition

1. Which one of the following occurs in the eukaryotic cell cycle and not in the prokaryotic cell cycle?
a. Mitosis
b. Chromosome replication
c. Cell growth
d. Cell division
e. None of the above

2. All of the following occur if MPF is injected in a G1-phase cell except:
a. The nuclear envelope breaks down
b. The chromosomes condense
c. A mitotic spindle forms
d. The chromosomes are replicated
e. None of the above

3. All of the following occur to induce cell division except:
a. PDGF binds to a cell-surface receptor
b. Protein-tyrosine kinase is phosphorylated
c. Ras is activated
d. MAP kinases activate AP1 transcription factor
e. None of the above

4. All of the following occur in plant cytokinesis except:
a. A cell plate forms
b. The plasma membrane invaginates
c. Membrane vesicles accumulate
d. A band of microtubules forms
e. None of the above

5. Which of the following is not correctly matched?
a. Conjugation-genetic recombination requiring cell-to-cell contact
b. Transformation-genetic recombination via naked DNA
c. Transduction-genetic recombination mediated by a virus
d. Meiosis-genetic recombination between two opposite mating strains
e. None of the above

6. The diploid number for bees is 16, male bees are haploid. During meiosis, how many tetrads form in a males' cells?
a. 0
b. 4
c. 8
d. 16
e. 32

7. A mutation that inactivates the cdc25 gene will result in a cell that:
a. Divides too soon
b. Divides too many times
c. Elongates without dividing
d. Is in G-arrest
e. Has too many chromosomes

8. Which one of the following is not a method of increasing the number of cells?
a. Mitosis + cytokinesis
b. Meiosis + cytokinesis
c. Budding
d. Conjugation
e. None of the above

9. Protein synthesis in a zygote is not blocked by inhibitors of RNA synthesis indicating that:
a. The mRNA is already present in the unfertilized egg
b. Eggs make a different type of mRNA
c. Protein synthesis is activated by a pH increase
d. DNA is being replicated
e. None of the above

10. A cell from the root of a plant can grow into a complete plate. This indicates that in differentiated cells:
a. Unneeded DNA is destroyed
b. DNA is destroyed during cell differentiation
c. Each type of cell in an organism has only the information it needs for particular functions
d. Each type of cell in an organism has all of the organism's DNA
e. None of the above

11. If one of the capsules surrounding the developing frog eye is removed and transplanted under the ectoderm in the area that will become the frog's belly, a cornea develops in front of it. This experiment illustrates that:
a. Some genes are lost during development
b. Cytoplasmic determinants control development
c. Some nuclei are not totipotent
d. The nucleus controls development
e. Differentiation is due to induction by neighboring cells

12. Mesoderm cells develop into muscle cells when the MyoD gene is activated. If MyoD is inserted into liver cells, you would expect:
a. The gene will be destroyed
b. Mesoderm will develop
c. Liver cells will produce muscle-specific proteins
d. Muscle cells will start producing liver-specific proteins
e. None of the above

13. In humans, B cells produce large quantities of the proteins called antibodies. These same cells do not make keratin or globulin. One would except that B cells have:
a. Only genes for antibodies
b. The genes for globulin, keratin, and antibodies
c. Antibody genes and a few other genes
d. Only tissue-specific genes
e. Fewer genes than other cells

14. If a kinetochore on one side of a metaphase chromosome is destroyed during metaphase, the chromosome:
a. Moves to the opposite pole
b. Stops in place
c. Stops in the center of the cell
d. Attaches to another microtubule
e. None of the above

15. If a sheep egg is enucleated, and a nucleus is transplanted to it from a differentiated adult sheep, full development of the egg into a normal adult will occur. This indicates that:
a. Some genes are lost during development
b. Cytoplasmic determinants control development
c. Some nuclei are not totipotent
d. The nucleus controls development
e. Differentiation is due to induction by neighboring cells