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In the summer of 1880 I set out from Fort Wrangell in a canoe to
continue the exploration of the icy region of southeastern Alaska,
begun in the fall of 1879.

The level flood, driving hard in our faces, thrashed and washed
us wildly until we got into the shelter of a grove on the east side
of the glacier near the front, where we stopped awhile for breath
and to listen and look out. The exploration of the glacier was my
main object, but the wind was too high to allow excursions over
its open surface, where one might be dangerously shoved while balancing
for a jump on the brink of a crevasse. In the mean time the storm
was a fine study. Here the end of the glacier, descending an abrupt
well of resisting rock about five hundred feet high, leans forward
and falls in ice-cascades. And as the storm came down the glacier
from the north, Stickeen and I were beneath the main current of
the blast, while favorably located to see and hear it. What a psalm
the storm was singing, and how fresh the smell of the washed earth
and leaves, and how sweet the still small voices of the storm! Detached
wafts and swirls were coming through the woods, with music from
the leaves and branches and furrowed boles, and even from the splintered
rocks and ice-crags overhead, many of the tones soft and low and
flute-like, as if each leaf and tree, drag and spire were a tuned
reed. A broad torrent, draining the side of the glacier, now swollen
by scores of new streams from the mountains, was rolling boulders
along its rocky channel, with thudding, bumping, muffled sounds,
rushing toward the bay with tremendous energy, as if in haste to
get out of the mountains; the waters above and beneath called to
each other, and all to the ocean, their home.
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"...we were accompanied by a fleet of icebergs drifting
out to the ocean from Glacier Bay." -John Muir.
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I would gladly have followed the lake outlet to tide-water, but
the day was already far spent, and the threatening sky called for
haste on the return trip to get off the ice before dark. I decided
therefore to go no farther and, after taking a general view of the
wonderful region, turned back, hoping to see it again under more
favorable auspices. We made good speed up the cañon of the
great ice-torrent, and out on the main glacier until we had left
the west shore about two miles behind us. Here we got into a difficult
network of crevasses, the gathering clouds began to drop misty fringes,
and soon the dreaded snow came flying thick and fast. I now began
to feel anxious about finding a way in the blurring storm. Stickeen
showed no trace of fear. He was still the same silent, able little
hero. I noticed, however, that after the storm-darkness came on
he kept close up behind me. The snow urged us to make still greater
haste, but at the same time hid our way. I pushed on as best I could,
jumping innumerable crevasses, and for every hundred rods or so
of direct advance traveling a mile in doubling up and down in the
turmoil of chasms and dislocated ice-blocks. After an hour or two
of this work we came to a series of longitudinal crevasses of appalling
width, and almost straight and regular in trend, like immense furrows.
These I traced with firm nerve, excited and strengthened by the
danger, making wide jumps, poising cautiously on their dizzy edges
after cutting hollows for my feet before making the spring to avoid
possible slipping or any uncertainty on the farther sides, where
only one trial is granted - exercise at once frightful and inspiring.
Stickeen followed seemingly without effort.
Click here to download or view Stickeen.
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After reading the entire story, you should be able to:
1. Describe a crevasse and explain its formation.
2. Diagram a sliver-bridge across a crevass. Explain its formation
and characteristic shape.
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